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The Nakoda (also known as Stoney or Îyârhe Nakoda) are an indigenous people in Western Canada and, originally, the United States. They used to inhabit large parts of British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Montana,〔 〕 but their reserves are now located in Alberta and in Saskatchewan where they are scarcely differentiated from the Assiniboine. Through their language they are related to the Dakota and Lakota nations of the Great Plains and the Rocky Mountains, part of the large Sioux Nation.〔v. article Nakota〕 They refer to themselves in their own language as "Nakoda", meaning ''friend'', ''ally''. The name "Stoney" was given them by white explorers, because of their technique of using fire-heated rocks to boil broth in rawhide bowls. They are very closely related to the Assiniboine who are also known as ''Stone Sioux'' (from Ojibwe ''asinii-bwaan''). Alberta's Nakoda First Nation comprises three bands: Bearspaw, Chiniki and Wesley.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Bearspaw, Chiniki, Wesley Nakoda Nations (Stoney) )〕 The Stoney were "excluded" from Banff National Park between 1890 and 1920.〔(Let the Line Be Drawn Now: Wilderness, Conservation, and the Exclusion of Aboriginal People from Banff National Park ), Environmental History, Vol. 11, No. 4, Oct., 2006 〕 In 2010 they were officially "welcomed back".〔(The Stoney Nakoda Nation is welcomed back to Banff National Park | First Nations in British Columbia Portal )〕 == Stoney groups == The Stoney are descendants of individual bands of Dakota, Lakota and Nakota, in particular of western groups of Assiniboine, from which they spun out as an independent group at about 1744. The Stoney were divided geographically and culturally into two tribal groups or divisions with different dialects, which in turn were further divided into several bands:〔Raymond DeMallie,William Sturtevant: Handbook of North American Indians: Plains, ISBN 978-0-16-050400-6, pp 596 - 603〕〔(Northwest Plains History )〕 Wood Stoney (''Chan Tonga Nakoda''- ‘Big Woods People’, often called ''Swampy Ground Assiniboine'', northern tribal group) * Alexis' band (Stoney, Métis, Woodland Cree) * Paul's band (Danezaa, Stoney, Woodland Cree, Iroquois) Mountain Stoney (''Ye Xa Yabine Nakoda'' or ''Hebina'' - ‘Rock Mountain People’, often called ''Strong Wood Assiniboine'', ''Thickwood Assiniboine'', southern tribal group) * Wesley's (Goodstoney's) band (Stoney, Plains Cree, Métis, Kutenai) * Chiniki's band (Métis, Stoney, Plains Cree, Secwepemc, Kutenai) * Bearspaw's band (Stoney, Cree) * Sharphead's band (''Chipos Ostikwan's Nakoda'', ''Wolf Creek Stoney'' or ''Pigeon Lake Stoney'', often called ''Plains Assiniboine'') (Stoney, Métis) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Nakoda (Stoney)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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